Jonestime

Getting Around in the Philippines

If you find yourself in the Philippines or are planning a trip here, you may be wondering about the best way to get to your hotel or just get around. The most cost-effective, comfortable, and safe mode of transportation will depend on factors such as the distance you need to travel, the amount of luggage you have, and your personal preferences for your travel. Navigating the islands of the Philippines is generally easier and more affordable than in many Western countries. There is a wide range of transportation options available, from pedal carts to ferries, offering travelers plenty of choices. In this guide, we will discuss the various modes of transportation available, starting with the largest and working our way down to the smallest. It's important to note that transportation options may vary depending on your location. We will provide information on the type of transportation, its best use, level of comfort, and common scams to be aware of that may try to exploit tourists for extra money. As a foreign visitor, it's likely that you may encounter scams during your time in the Philippines. However, with some guidance, you can minimize the risk of falling victim to these schemes. Please note that we will not be covering air travel in this guide, as we have a separate webpage dedicated to international airports on our site.

Ships and Ferries

The Philippines is comprised of more than seven thousand islands, necessitating a robust ferry system to connect these diverse land masses. Many of these islands are only accessible by ferry or small pontoon boats known as motorbangkas. The ferry system includes passenger-only vessels, known as fast crafts, as well as ferries capable of transporting both passengers and motor vehicles. These latter vessels, referred to as RORO ferries (Roll On/Roll Off), are equipped to carry cars, motorcycles, and even heavy trucks. In addition to transporting people, ferries play a crucial role in moving goods and produce between islands, offering a cost-effective alternative to air transport. If you are traveling on a budget, consider including a ferry in your itinerary. While not the quickest mode of transportation, ferries offer a unique opportunity to enjoy the sea air and take in the scenic views of the islands. They provide a relaxing travel experience compared to other modes of transport. Most smaller ferries offer basic amenities for passengers. Some may have VIP or business class options, primarily for providing refreshments during the journey. Seating arrangements are typically simple, with benches or basic seats, and the area is open to the sea air. For larger ferries, the accommodations vary significantly, and travelers must weigh the cost against their comfort preferences. The most basic and commonly used class by locals is the general portage class. On longer journeys, such as from Manila to Cebu spanning twenty-four hours, passengers in this class are provided access to a large room with bunk beds closely stacked together, with minimal space for movement between them. These accommodations are shared with other general portage passengers, resulting in a rather cramped experience akin to sardines in a can. Often, there is an issue with overbooking, leading to a shortage of beds and passengers resorting to passengers sleeping on the floor. This method of travel is not favored by foreigners due to the increased risk of falling ill from the close contact with numerous individuals. Moving up a level, there are private rooms with built-in bunks available. While these are more desirable, they do come at a slightly higher cost. Typically reserved for families, these rooms feature four to six bunks and a shared toilet outside the cabin. My preferred option is the suite, which usually includes a queen-size bed and private facilities. These rooms are very similar to a hotel room, are comfortable and offer a cost-effective alternative to flying. On larger ferries, there are cafeterias available for meals, although the food quality may not always be up to par. Smaller ferries may provide a snack as part of the fare or have a vendor on board selling food. Some ferries may not offer any services at all, so it is important to plan accordingly. Also, be aware that not every island has a ferry going to it. The islands that have no ferry docks, rely on small portage vessels (motorbangkas) to transport the food and products they need. Also, some are only serviced by aircraft. Consider your budget and comfort level when choosing a ferry for your travels, as the experience can vary greatly depending on the type of ferry and class of accommodation selected.

Trains & Light Rail

Several years ago, the train infrastructure in south Manila was limited to a small stretch of track and a subpar commuter train service. The service was unreliable, usually transporting workers to and from Manila for work. However, significant changes have taken place since then. With the help of billions of pesos in loans from countries such as China, Japan, and Korea, heavy rail systems are now being constructed on the north end of Luzon Island and are being extended to the south. Currently, only portions of these projects have been completed, with ongoing efforts to develop a new subway system in Manila proper as well as other light rail projects. One notable project is the MRT7, which is currently under construction. Once completed, it will connect North Avenue in Quezon City to Tungkong Mangga area in San Jose del Monte. Plans are also in place to extend the MRT7 to the New Manila Airport in Bulikan, Bulacan, creating a circular super connector that spans 200 kilometers (120 miles). This ambitious infrastructure development aims to significantly reduce travel time to Manila, with the goal of cutting the current two and a half hour journey down to just thirty minutes, even during peak traffic hours. The future of transportation in Manila is looking brighter than ever before, thanks to these transformative projects. The rapid transit systems currently in operation in Metro Manila are the Light Rail Transit (LRT) and the Metro Rail Transit (MRT). These systems provide convenient and affordable transportation options for residents and visitors in the area. However, during peak hours, such as rush hour, the trains can become very crowded, requiring passengers to stand until they reach their destination. The average fare for a ride on these systems is approximately ₱35.00 pesos (68 US cents), with prices varying based on the distance traveled. Rush hour typically occurs from 5:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. for inbound commuters and from 3:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. for outbound commuters. During the holiday season, such as Christmas and New Year, the operating hours of the transit lines may be adjusted due to decreased ridership. This ensures that the services provided are efficient and cost-effective for passengers during these quieter periods.

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LTR1 (Green Line)

The original Line 1 is aligned in a general north-south direction on fully elevated tracks. It spans a total length of 19.65 kilometers (12.21 mi) and includes twenty stations, running from the northern station of Monumento in Caloocan to the southern station of Baclaran in Paranaque. Line 1 was constructed as a basic mode of public transportation and may lack certain amenities and conveniences found in other rapid transit systems.

LTR2 (Blue Line)

The LRT2 line was completed in 2004 and spans 17.6 kilometers in a general east-west direction, with thirteen stations along the route. The majority of the track is elevated, with one station located underground. The line begins at the Recto Station in Santa Cruz on the west side and terminates at the Antipolo Station in Antipolo on the east side. This line was constructed with a focus on meeting additional standards and criteria, including providing barrier-free access for individuals with disabilities.

MRT-3 (Yellow Line)

The MRT3 line operates along an orbital north to south route, following the alignment of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue from North Avenue in Quezon City to Taft Avenue in Pasay. With a total of 13 stations, this line was completed in July 2000 and has since experienced a significant increase in passenger traffic, serving close to 550,000 passengers daily. This exceeds its built maximum capacity of 350,000 passengers per day, leading to chronic congestion issues. Various solutions have been proposed or implemented to address this congestion, but as of now, no definitive action has been taken. The line was constructed with essential standards in mind, including barrier-free access for all passengers. It is worth noting that as of March 2024, there are plans to temporarily close North Avenue to facilitate the construction of the North Triangle Common Station in the near future.

MRT-7 (Under Construction)

The construction of the MRT-7 line is currently underway, although it has faced numerous delays due to right-of-way issues, resulting in the extension of the completion date. The projected partial completion date is now set for November 2025, with the line spanning 22.8 kilometers (14.2 miles) and featuring 14 stations. Notably, it will be the first line in the Philippines to utilize third rail electrification. The MRT-7 line will run from San Jose del Monte to the North Triangle Common Station in North EDSA, following a northeastern to southwestern direction. Initially, only the North EDSA station will serve as an interchange with other light rail lines, with the potential for additional interchanges pending the proposed MRT-8 Line. Furthermore, the MRT-7 line is planned to include branch lines, with Phase 2A being the first proposed extension. Depending on approvals and deliberations, the MRT-8 Line and Phase 2A may coexist or merge. San Miguel Corporation envisions the MRT-7 line evolving into a 200-kilometer (120-mile) network, featuring a circumferential mainline connecting various key locations, including the New Manila International Airport and the Manila North Harbor. In addition to the mainline, branch lines are also planned for northeastern Metro Manila and Rizal. The development of the MRT-7 line represents a significant step towards enhancing transportation infrastructure in the Philippines, providing greater connectivity and accessibility for residents and visitors alike.

MRT-8 (proposed)

The MRT-8, also referred to as the PNR East-West Line, is a proposed rapid transit system spanning 9 kilometers (5.6 miles). This railway line aims to connect Sampaloc, Manila and Diliman, Quezon City, traversing through key thoroughfares such as Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon Avenue, and Espana Boulevard.

MRT-9 Subway (Under Construction)

The MRT-9 Subway project is a 36-kilometer (22 mi) transportation system that will connect Valenzuela, Quezon City, Pasig, Taguig, Paranaque, and Pasay with 17 stations spanning from East Valenzuela to Bicutan. Additionally, there will be a branch line leading to Ninoy Aquino International Airport. This subway system aims to significantly reduce travel time from Valenzuela to NAIA, cutting it down from a 90-minute drive to a mere 35-minute train ride. With a design capacity to accommodate 1.5 million passengers daily, the MRT-9 Subway is projected to serve anywhere from 400,000 to 800,000 passengers per day. Partial operations are scheduled to commence by 2029.

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Buses

Buses play a crucial role in the transportation system of the Philippines, offering a mix of advantages and disadvantages. They are a cost-effective mode of transportation, making them accessible to a wide range of individuals, particularly those on a tight budget. Buses operate on extensive routes, linking even remote areas to major cities and towns, providing essential accessibility for those without personal vehicles. While buses are known for their affordability, some pose safety risks and are often uncomfortable. Factors such as overcrowding, poor seat conditions, and mechanical issues can contribute to this discomfort. However, the primary issue lies with the bus drivers and their driving habits. While there are competent drivers, there is a significant number who exhibit reckless behavior, leading to potential dangers on the road. Typically, a bus in the Philippines has two employees on board - the driver and the conductor who handles fare collection. The driver and conductor are both compensated based on the number of paying customers they transport, receiving a fare portion for each passenger. However, intense competition among bus companies and drivers for passengers and fares has led to a severe decline in the quality of service. This fierce competition often results in reckless driving and a discomforting travel experience for passengers. Buses frequently weave in and out of traffic, honking their horns in an attempt to pick up passengers before their competitors. Passengers often find themselves on a wild ride as drivers speed down the road, abruptly slamming on the brakes and swerving to the side, causing passengers to lurch forward in their seats. The conductor then exits the bus, shouting at the top of their lungs to attract potential passengers, while the driver impatiently waits to depart for the next stop. Once passengers board the bus, they are often met with overcrowded conditions, with seats designed for fewer passengers than are actually seated. It is not uncommon for four passengers to squeeze into a three-person seat, or three passengers to cram into a two-person seat. Overall, the cutthroat competition among bus companies and drivers has resulted in a chaotic and uncomfortable experience for passengers, with safety and comfort often taking a backseat to the race for fares. In addition to posing significant safety risks, commuter buses can have a detrimental impact on passengers' well-being sometimes. The rough and jarring movements of the bus can result in passengers experiencing bruises, sore muscles, back pain, and nausea. There are two main types of commuter buses: air-conditioned buses, which have sealed windows, and traditional non-air-conditioned buses, which have open or missing windows and hard wooden seats. While the air conditioning in buses may provide relief from the heat, it can also cause discomfort and nausea among passengers. This is often attributed to drivers placing air fresheners near the air conditioning intake, resulting in an unpleasant odor permeating throughout the bus. Furthermore, there are concerns regarding the maintenance of some commuter buses, which can lead to accidents or breakdowns. For those seeking a more comfortable and reliable transportation option, luxury buses are available for hire. These buses are typically used for longer out-of-town trips or rentals and are known for their high-quality amenities and professional drivers. Luxury buses offer a more pleasant and safe travel experience compared to traditional commuter buses.

FX Express

FX Express is a franchised public transportation service in the Philippines that offers an alternative mode of travel for passengers. Operating primarily with vans, compact SUVs, and MPVs, FX Express vehicles are air-conditioned and designed to accommodate 10-18 passengers. However, it is important to note that seating can be tight, which may not be suitable for individuals who are claustrophobic or disabled. Despite the limited distance of their set routes, FX Express drivers are known to drop passengers off at more precise locations along the way. It is advisable to communicate your desired drop-off point to the driver to ensure a smooth and convenient travel experience.

Jeepneys

Jeepneys are the most commonly used mode of transportation in the Philippines, making them a unique symbol of the country. Originating sometime after WWII, these vehicles were originally Jeep-styled with Isuzu diesel engines. Thousands were imported and converted into small bus-like vehicles, becoming a staple in Filipino transportation. Many Filipino owners take great pride in customizing their jeepneys, with vibrant paint jobs and stainless steel decorations. Despite their popularity and affordability, jeepneys do have some drawbacks, such as limited headroom. While locals may not mind, taller individuals, especially foreigners, may find the low roofs uncomfortable. Getting on and off a jeepney can also be a unique experience, requiring larger individuals to squat and do a duck walk to their seat. For those living in the Philippines without a car, riding jeepneys is a common occurrence. However, there is a current movement to phase out these iconic vehicles in favor of cleaner, more modern options. Manila has already begun this transition. While jeepneys are a beloved part of Filipino culture, changes are on the horizon as the country moves towards cleaner transportation solutions.

Taxis & Grab

Taxis and the ride-share service Grab are popular choices for foreigners traveling in the Philippines. While they may be more costly than other transportation options, they are still relatively affordable compared to those in other countries. It is worth noting that Uber has ceased operations in the Philippines. When using Grab, passengers are quoted a fixed price for their journey. On the other hand, taxis are required to use a meter, although this regulation is often disregarded. Many taxi drivers, especially when dealing with foreigners, will quote a price upfront and then avoid using the meter to pocket the entire fare. This dishonest practice not only cheats passengers but also their employers. In Manila, it is advisable to opt for white-colored taxis and insist that the meter be used. Another issue that passengers may encounter is difficulty in finding a taxi willing to travel to outlying areas of Manila, particularly in the late afternoon. While drivers are entitled to charge a metered fare for the journey to the destination, they may refuse to use the meter, often demanding a significantly higher fare. Despite regulations prohibiting drivers from refusing customers, many will attempt to overcharge passengers and avoid using the meter, especially at the Manila airport. If passengers insist on the meter, drivers may refuse to provide service. The condition of taxis in Manila varies, with most being well-maintained and equipped with air conditioning. However, some taxis may have worn-out shocks due to the poor road conditions in the city.

Warning:

If you encounter any serious issues with a taxi driver, please contact the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) at the numbers provided below. The LTFRB serves as the regulatory body for taxi services. Simply mentioning that you will report the driver to the LTFRB can be enough to deter any misconduct. Filing a complaint with the LTFRB can have serious consequences for the driver, potentially resulting in the loss of their license or franchise. It is important to carefully consider the severity of the situation before taking action, as the driver likely has dependents relying on their income. I would recommend reporting a driver only in cases of extreme misconduct. However, simply informing the driver that you are aware of the proper channels to file a complaint with the LTFRB can be enough to prevent any further issues. Remember to always insist on the use of the meter when taking a taxi, and do not hesitate to refuse service if the driver refuses to comply. Your safety and rights as a passenger are of utmost importance.

Tricycles

One of the most common and popular forms of transportation in most areas is the tricycle. While it may not always be the most cost-effective mode of travel, it offers convenience by dropping passengers off at their precise destinations. Tricycles consist of a motorcycle with a homemade sidecar attached, typically enclosed and positioned close to the ground. For Westerners, getting in and out of a tricycle can be challenging due to the low seating and lack of suspension, resulting in a bumpy ride depending on road conditions. Many foreigners opt to sit behind the driver on the motorcycle side saddle rather than in the sidecar. Additionally, the lack of headroom in both the sidecar and motorcycle can be uncomfortable for taller individuals. Most tricycle drivers are skilled and adept at navigating through crowded and narrow streets. However, it is important to note that tricycles have only two brakes on the motorcycle, which can pose a safety risk if the driver stops abruptly at high speeds. In such cases, the sidecar may continue moving forward, potentially causing the tricycle to lift off the ground or flip over. While incidents of this nature are rare, passengers should communicate with their driver if they feel uncomfortable with the speed at which they are traveling. Ultimately, tricycles offer a unique and efficient mode of transportation.

Motorcycles

In the Philippines, motorcycles are utilized for transportation in areas where tricycles are scarce or face difficulties navigating certain terrains, such as hilly neighborhoods. Tricycles, due to their weight and passenger load, struggle to climb steep hills and are often seen being pushed by multiple individuals. This strain on tricycles can lead to rapid wear and tear on clutches and brakes, necessitating the use of motorcycles for passenger transport in such areas. Local residents rely on motorcycles to travel from their homes to locations with jeepney or tricycle services, eliminating the need to traverse challenging terrain on foot. However, there are strict laws governing motorcycle use in the Philippines. Riders must wear certified helmets, must wear shoes or boots (no slippers or flip flops), have mirrors installed on their motorcycles, and adhere to a two-passenger limit with no infants or small children allowed on board. Children must be of sufficient size to reach the passenger footrests and hold onto the driver independently. Despite regulations prohibiting the transportation of small children on motorcycles, this practice is often overlooked.

Pedal Carts

The final mode of transportation on our list is the pedicab. Pedicabs are primarily utilized in city centers of larger towns or densely populated areas. They are essentially bicycles, often old and worn, with an open-air sidecar attached. The sidecar has seating for two passengers and is designed for short-distance travel. As with taxis, tricycles, or motorcycles, it is important to confirm the price before boarding.

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Precautions and Reporting